Return of item on Amzon

Dear Amazon India Customer Support,

I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to bring to your attention a matter of urgency regarding the return of an order with Order Number #171-5867561-2946714.

I had placed an order for an IKALL K3310 Dual SIM Mobile with an expected delivery date of 12 September 2023. Unfortunately, upon receiving the item, I found that it no longer fulfills my requirements. Consequently, I promptly initiated a return request, which was duly accepted by the seller.

However, despite the acceptance of the return, there has been a considerable delay in fixing the pick-up date by the seller. After waiting for 15 days, I reached out to Amazon via the app on 27 September 2023, requesting a callback. The representative assured me that a new pick-up request would be initiated and completed within 72 hours. Regrettably, this has not transpired, causing significant inconvenience.

Today, when I tried to resolve the matter through the Amazon chat, I was informed by the chat bot that the item cannot be returned. This contradicts the previous communications and is highly concerning.

I would like to kindly request your immediate attention to this issue. It is critical that the return pick-up is scheduled promptly, and the necessary arrangements are made to ensure a smooth return process. I appreciate your prompt action in resolving this matter.

For your reference, the order number is #171-5867561-2946714.

Thank you for your understanding and assistance.

Best regards,

Paint Choice

 How do distemper and emulsion paints differ, especially when used in areas with moisture? The photograph below was taken by me at the staircase in my building, with emulsion paint on the lower part and distemper on the upper part. The difference is evident as the distemper has swelled after being exposed to moisture, while the emulsion paint has not.

Emulsion paint creates a water-resistant barrier when it dries, which explains the observed outcome here.

I'll leave it to the experts to shed light on the matter in terms of performance, maintenance, and the environmental impact of choosing these materials and their respective advantages.

90% Compaction for Granular Material

The challenges associated with conducting compaction tests on granular materials highlight the differences between cohesive and non-cohesive soils. We emphasize the impracticality of applying conventional compaction methodologies to granular materials and the need to seek guidance from industry experts to ensure appropriate compaction assessment.

Background: Cohesive soils exhibit unique properties, such as the capacity to bond together and significant changes in density with moisture content variations. Compaction tests on cohesive soils typically involve determining Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), which play a crucial role in assessing compaction characteristics.

Challenges with Granular Materials: Granular materials, including aggregates used for bedding, differ significantly from cohesive soils due to their non-cohesive nature. Non-cohesive materials consist of particles that do not adhere together and have minimal sensitivity to moisture content fluctuations. This characteristic makes it impractical to establish an OMC equivalent to MDD, as observed in cohesive soils. Consequently, the traditional compaction methodologies outlined in the standards may not align with the unique compaction properties of granular materials. The standard mandates a minimum compaction requirement of 90%, and the client is unwavering in their adherence to this standard, resulting in the issuance of Non-Conformance Reports (NCRs) when it is not met.

Seeking Industry Expert Guidance: Anyone can enlighten this matter.

इंजीनियर्स डे :14 सितंबर

14 सितंबर को भारत में इंजीनियर्स डे के रूप में मनाया जाता है, हर साल  सर एम. विस्वेस्वरैया के जन्म दिवस 15 सितंबर को उनके योगदान को सम्मान देने तथा अन्य इंजीनियरों  को प्रेरित करने के लिए मनाया जाता है। 

सर एम. विस्वेस्वरैया एक प्रमुख इंजीनियर थे जिन्होंने  भारत के विकास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई थीं।

उनका जन्म 15 सितंबर 1861 को कर्नाटक के मुद्देनहल्ली गांव में हुआ था। अपने जन्मस्थान में आधिकारिक स्कूली शिक्षा पूरी करने के बाद, विश्वेश्वरय्या ने अपनी बीए की पढ़ाई मद्रास विश्वविद्यालय में की। हालांकि, बाद में उन्होंने अपना इरादा बदल लिया और आर्ट्स से साइंस की तरफ चले गए तथा  पुणे  कॉलेज ऑफ साइंस में सिविल इंजीनियरिंग में  डिप्लोमा की पढ़ाई की,  उन्होंने भारत के विकास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया। उनके काम क्षेत्र बहुत ही व्यापक और विविध थे , जिसमें जलविद्युत्‌ प्रोजेक्ट्स, सिंचाई प्रोजेक्ट्स, और अन्य निर्माण कार्य शामिल थे।

एम. विश्वेश्वरय्या एक प्रमुख भारतीय इंजीनियर और वैज्ञानिक थे जिन्होंने अपनी जीवन में बाढ़ संकट प्रबंधन और सिंचाई तकनीकों के क्षेत्र में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया। उन्होंने भारत के कई प्रांतों में जल संचालन और सिंचाई प्रोजेक्ट्स के डिज़ाइन और निर्माण में अपनी माहिरी प्रदर्शित की और समृद्धि की दिशा में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई। उन्होंने नदियों के प्रबंधन, बांधों का निर्माण, और कृषि क्षेत्रों के सिंचाई के प्रस्तावना की और इसके माध्यम से लाखों किसानों की आर्थिक स्थिति में सुधार किया। उनका योगदान भारतीय सामाजिक और आर्थिक विकास में अत्यधिक महत्वपूर्ण रहा है और उन्हें उनकी जीवनी के लिए सर्वोत्तम और समर्पित इंजीनियर के रूप में याद किया जाता है।

1917 में, सर मोक्षगुंडम विश्वेश्वरय्या ने कर्नाटक में सरकारी इंजीनियरिंग कॉलेज की स्थापना की, जिसका उद्देश्य उच्च शैक्षिक मानकों को पूरा करने वाले उद्योगी और विशेषज्ञों की तैयारी करना था। इस कॉलेज को प्रारंभिक रूप में "कर्नाटक सरकार का इंजीनियरिंग कॉलेज" कहा जाता था, और आजकल यह "विश्वेश्वरय्या इंजीनियरिंग कॉलेज" के नाम से प्रसिद्ध है।

इस संस्थान का उद्देश्य था युवा पीढ़ियों को उनकी इंजीनियरिंग और तकनीकी शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में प्रोफ़ेशनल और ताक़तवर बनाना, ताक़तवर तथा उत्कृष्ट इंजीनियर तैयार करना था। यह कॉलेज आज भी भारत में एक महत्वपूर्ण इंजीनियरिंग संस्थान के रूप में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभा रहा है और विश्वेश्वरय्या के उत्कृष्ट योगदान को याद रखने का संदेश देता है।

मोक्षगुंडम विश्वेश्वरय्या को भारत रत्न पुरस्कार 1955 में प्रदान किया गया। यह पुरस्कार उनके योगदान और उनकी महान वैज्ञानिक और इंजीनियरिंग योग्यता को सराहनीय बनाने के लिए था। विश्वेश्वरय्या भारतीय समाज के लिए अपने उत्कृष्ट कामों के लिए प्रसिद्ध थे और इस पुरस्कार से उनकी महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका को मान्यता दी गई। वे भारतीय समाज के लिए गर्व के साथ माने जाते हैं और उनकी सान्निध्य में यह पुरस्कार एक महत्वपूर्ण और गरिमामय स्मरण है। 

सभ्यता के विकास में सिविल इंजीनियर का बड़ा महत्वपूर्ण योगदान होता है, और यह योगदान कई तरह के माध्यमों से दिया जाता है। सिविल इंजीनियरिंग का क्षेत्र घर, सड़कें, सड़क पुल, सेवरेज सिस्टम, सड़कों के प्रबंधन, पानी की व्यवस्था, हवा की गुणवत्ता, और और भी कई महत्वपूर्ण सूचनाओं के निर्माण और प्रबंधन के लिए महत्वपूर्ण होता है।

समोकालीन भारत में भवन का निर्माण का इतिहास बहुत ही रिच और रोचक है। यहां हम कुछ महत्वपूर्ण कालों में भारत में भवन निर्माण की कुछ विशेष बातें देखेंगे:

हरप्पा और मोहेंजोदारो सभ्यता: हरप्पा और मोहेंजोदारो सभ्यता काल में, समृद्धि की एक प्रमुख प्रमाण के रूप में उनके नगरों और घरों का निर्माण किया गया था। इन नगरों के घर बड़े और सुखमय थे, और उनमें प्राथमिक सुविधाएँ उपलब्ध थीं।

हरप्पा और मोहेंजोदारो सभ्यता के नगरों का निर्माण उनके समृद्धि के प्रमुख प्रमाण के रूप में था। इन नगरों के बड़े और ध्यानपूर्वक निर्मित घर व्यक्तिगत आवास के रूप में सेटल करते थे, और उनमें अलग-अलग कक्षाएं और सुविधाएँ थीं। इन घरों के साथ ही, नगरों में विभिन्न प्रकार की सार्वजनिक स्थलों का भी निर्माण हुआ था, जैसे कि बाजार, विशेषज्ञों के कामशालाएं, और सामाजिक सभाएं।

हरप्पा और मोहेंजोदारो के नगरों के निर्माण में जल संचालन का विशेष महत्व था। इन नगरों के लिए जल संचालन और संचालन की व्यवस्था कार्यकृत रूप से थी, जिससे जल संग्रहण और प्रबंधन किया जा सकता था।

मौर्य साम्राज्य: मौर्य साम्राज्य के समय, नगरों का निर्माण और समृद्धि की बढ़ती आवश्यकता थी। पटलिपुत्र (नवीन पटना) जैसे नगरों में विशाल और भव्य घरों का निर्माण किया गया।

मुगल साम्राज्य: मुगल साम्राज्य के समय, विशाल और आकर्षक मकबरे, मस्जिदें, और किले बनाए गए, जैसे कि ताजमहल, लाल किला, और दिल्ली के पुराने नगरों के आकार में सुधार किया गया।

ब्रिटिश शासन: ब्रिटिश शासन के दौरान, ब्रिटिश सरकार ने भारत में रेलवे और सड़क सुनिश्चित करने के लिए प्रयास किए और कई महत्वपूर्ण स्थानों पर अंग्रेजी विचारधारा के अनुसार संरचनाएँ बनवाई।

आज़ाद भारत: आज़ाद भारत के आगमन के बाद, देश के समृद्धि और विकास के पथ पर सिविल इंजीनियरिंग का योगदान महत्वपूर्ण रूप से बढ़ गया। इस दौरान, कई महत्वपूर्ण प्रोजेक्ट्स और प्रयास किए गए जिनका मुख्य उद्देश्य था नागरिकों के जीवन को बेहतर बनाना और सुखद जीवनशैली को सुनिश्चित करना।

अंत में आप सभी को भी इंजीनियर्स डे की हार्दिक शुभकामनाएँ! इंजीनियर्स डे के इस खास मौके पर, इंजीनियरों के महत्वपूर्ण योगदान को सलामी और सराहना है। इंजीनियरिंग के क्षेत्र में काम करने वाले सभी इंजीनियरों को सफलता और समृद्धि की शुभकामनाएँ! 

Urgent: Request for Expedited Warranty Approval for Car No. 313245

 Subject: Urgent: Request for Expedited Warranty Approval for Car No. 313245

Dear MG Customer Care Team,

I am writing to bring to your attention a pressing matter concerning my MG car with registration number 313245(Qatar). I have been experiencing significant issues with the vehicle, and despite the recommendation from the authorized service centre mechanic (Auto Class Cars – Al Wukair Al Wukair, Al Mashaf Rd, Doha, Qatar) for necessary repairs under warranty, I have not yet received the approval from the company, causing considerable inconvenience and safety concerns.

To provide some context, my car has been exhibiting troubling symptoms that have been persistently worsening. The authorized service centre MG mechanic has thoroughly assessed the vehicle and advised that specific parts need to be replaced promptly to ensure its safe and reliable operation. Given that my car is still under warranty, they promptly initiated the warranty claim process.

Regrettably, it has now been three days since submitted the warranty claim request, and I have yet to receive any response or approval from MG. This delay is not only causing undue stress but is also jeopardizing the safety of my life and other road users. I have had instances where my car behaved erratically in the middle of the road, posing significant risks.

I kindly request that MG expedite the approval process for my warranty claim to ensure that the necessary repairs are carried out without any further delay. It is imperative that this process be made more convenient and swift to resolve issues promptly and efficiently. The current lengthy and frustrating process not only inconveniences customers but also endangers their safety.

I appreciate your immediate attention to this matter and request that you prioritize my case due to the urgency involved. My primary concern is the safety of myself and others on the road, and I believe that MG, as a reputable automobile company, values customer safety and satisfaction.

Please feel free to contact me at +974 70976178 to discuss this matter further or to request any additional information that may be required to expedite the warranty approval process.

I trust that MG will take swift action to address this issue and provide the necessary warranty approval without further delay. Your prompt assistance in this matter would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you for your understanding and cooperation.

Sincerely,

Best regards
Sarfraz Ul Haque

 

Unveiling the Wonders: Exploring The Museum of the Future in Dubai

Dubai: We went out to see the  "Museum of the Future" and it was mid-August at noon. The August noon is hot and humid in the whole middle east.  The temperature remains very high in summer, and the air feels heavy with moisture. We were full-sweet in 10 min walking to the ADCB Metro station of Dubai Metro.

Dubai's "Museum of the Future" is a special place that shows how things might be in the coming years. It's like a time machine that lets us imagine what life could be like. The museum is in Dubai, a city in the United Arab Emirates.

The "Museum of the Future" is offering something cool called a virtual space shuttle flight. This means you can experience going into space like an astronaut, but it's not real – it's like a really fancy video game. While inside this pretend space shuttle, you can see amazing stuff on screens around you. It's like looking out of a window into space. You might see stars, planets, and the Earth far below. It's like a space adventure without leaving the museum. 

This shuttle takes us to the "OSS Hope Space Station", a space station, named OSS Hope, the same name the United Arab Emirates gave the spacecraft that began orbiting Mars. It is 600 km above the Earth. The experience aims at highlighting the possibilities of human space travel in the future and includes Space Shuttle Simulation, Space Station Command Center. It is an imagination that the flight is being taken on 12 Feb 2071, the flight of the future has been preponed. 

The museum's concept is to explore and display new ideas and technologies that could change the way we live, work, and play. It's not like a regular museum with old things; it's a place full of new inventions and cool innovations. These things might make our lives better, help the environment, or even change how we communicate.

The building of the museum is also very unique. It's super modern and looks like it's from the future itself. It's made of metal and glass and has a circular hole in the middle that makes it look like a giant eye. This "eye" is covered with digital screens that can display all sorts of things. The museum has seven floors of exhibits that imagine life in the year 2071.

• 7th floor - Event Hall
• 6th Floor - Private
• 5th Floor - OSS Hope
• 4th Floor - The HEAL Institute
• 3rd Floor - Al Waha
• 2nd Floor - Floor - Tomorrow Today
• 1st Floor Floor - Future Heros (for ages below 10 years)

• 7th Floor - Event Hall: This is like a big room where special things happen. It's a place for important meetings, talks, and events. Imagine it as a place where people come together to share exciting ideas and news. NOT open for visitors.
   
• 6th Floor - Private: This floor is more like a quiet and special area. It's for specific groups or people who want to discuss things in a private and comfortable space, details are not known to the public.  NOT open for visitors. 
  
  

• 

  Fig: Simulator of OSS Hope Station

  5th Floor - OSS Hope: This floor is dedicated to "OSS Hope."The OSS Hope Simulator is an interactive exhibit that allows visitors to experience what it would be like to live and work on the OSS Hope Space Station. The simulator presents visitors with various scenarios that they must solve in order to keep the station running smoothly. The simulator uses augmented reality and virtual reality technology to create a realistic and immersive experience.

  The OSS Hope Simulator is a great way to learn about the future of space exploration and to see how today's technologies could be used to create a sustainable and thriving space colony. It is also a fun and interactive experience that is sure to appeal to people of all ages.

  Here are some of the things that you can do in the OSS Hope Simulator:
  

  
  • Navigate the space station and interact with its systems.
  • Solve problems that threaten the station's sustainability.
    
  • Explore the scientific experiments.
  • Learn about the history of space exploration.
  • Explore the possibilities of future space travel.

  The OSS Hope Simulator is a must-see for anyone interested in the future of space exploration. It is a truly immersive and educational experience that will leave you inspired and excited about the possibilities of what the future holds.

• 

  Fig: Lab where DNA is preserved 

  4th Floor - The HEAL Institute: The HEAL Institute is an exhibit at the Museum that explores the future of healthcare. It is divided into three parts: The Lab, The Library of Life, and The Observatory.
  
  
  • The Lab is where visitors can learn about the latest advances in medical technology, such as gene editing and artificial intelligence. Opens in a new window
  • The Library of Life is a vault that contains the DNA of over 2,000 species of plants and animals. Visitors can use this DNA to create new medicines and treatments.Opens in a new window
    

    
    

    

    
    

    

    
    
  • The Observatory is a greenhouse where visitors can see how plants and animals are being used to heal the environment.Opens in a new window

  The HEAL Institute is a thought lab which is preserving the DNA of living things to recreate. The Amazon rainforest inside the Museum. It is called the "Vault of Life" and it is located on the same 4th floor of the museum.

  

  Fig: Vault of life - Amazon Rainforest

  The Vault of Life is a digital version of a real piece of the Amazon rainforest in Leticia, Colombia. It uses modern technology to make a super immersive experience, so people feel like they're really inside the rainforest. They make the rainforest come alive using fancy pictures, 3D sounds, and things you can interact with. People can learn about the different plants and animals in the rainforest and the problems they're facing. The Vault of Life reminds us how important the Amazon rainforest is and why we must keep it safe. It also shows us how technology can help make a better world for everyone.
  
  Fire Resistance Tree: The Fire-Resistant Tree idea is a mix of innovation and nature's strength. This special exhibit at the museum shows a tree that can survive fires, combining nature and technology in a cool way. Among the advanced displays and futuristic setups, the Fire-Resistant Tree shows how we can make progress in a sustainable way.  

  

  Fig: Fire Resistance Tree

  
  
  If the technology is developed fully the benefits of a fire-resistant tree are significant, particularly in areas prone to wildfires or situations where fire risk is high.
  
  Significant progress has been made in various aspects of research and innovation. Scientists and engineers have been working diligently to design tree species that can withstand fires while maintaining their ecological role. This involves integrating fire-resistant materials, genetic modifications, and advanced tree management techniques.
  
  While challenges remain, such as maintaining ecological balance and ensuring long-term viability, the development of fire-resistant trees holds promise for mitigating the impact of wildfires and safeguarding natural landscapes

• 3rd Floor - Al Waha: "Al Waha" means "The Oasis." This floor is for relaxing, restrooms and other amenities are available along with other locked rooms, remaining floor area on this floor is open and attached to the next floor, and not much area has been acquired to use. 
  
  
• 2nd Floor - Tomorrow Today: Tomorrow Today is an exhibit at the Museum of the Future in Dubai that explores near-future technologies that could change our world. It is a showcase of innovations, technologies, and gadgets that could make our lives easier, healthier, and more sustainable.

  The exhibit is divided into six sections:

  • Health and Wellbeing: This section explores how technology can be used to improve our health and well-being. Visitors can learn about new medical treatments, wearable devices, and virtual reality therapies.
    Opens in a new windo
  • Food and Agriculture: This section explores how technology can be used to feed a growing population and make our food system more sustainable. Visitors can learn about new farming techniques, vertical farms, and gene editing.
    Opens in a new window

  • 

    Fig: Cycle of future

    Cities and Transportation: This section explores how technology can be used to create smarter and more sustainable cities. Visitors can learn about new transportation systems, self-driving cars, and 3D-printed buildings.
    
  • Energy and Environment: This section explores how technology can be used to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and protect the environment. Visitors can learn about new solar panels, wind turbines, and carbon capture technologies.
  • Education and Learning: This section explores how technology can be used to revolutionize education. Visitors can learn about new virtual reality learning experiences, artificial intelligence tutors, and personalized learning programs.
    
    

    

    "Dark Matter Labs present an affordable, materially regenerative, and civically governed system for 21st-century public housing. They explore a future where housing becomes a piece of civic infrastructure enhanced by bio-economy and distributed digital technologies, similar to blockchain technology. The film and augmented reality interface, accessible from the tablets, allow you to explore this alternative housing model and delve deeper into a design based on concepts of stewardship, digital legal personhood, perpetual bond finance and carbon-positive construction"

    
    

    
    

    
    

    Opens in a new w

    

    
    
• Work and Leisure: This section explores how technology can be used to make work more productive and leisure more enjoyable. Visitors can learn about new robots, virtual assistants, and augmented reality games.

Tomorrow Today is a thought-provoking and inspiring exhibit that offers a glimpse into the future of technology. It is a must-see for anyone interested in how technology can change our world for the better.

• 1st Floor - Future Heroes (for ages below 10 years): This floor is specially made for young kids, who are like future heroes. It's a fun and interactive area for kids under 10 years old. Imagine it as a playroom filled with things that help kids learn and have a great time.

Inside the museum, you can see things like robots, flying cars, and gadgets that might become a part of our daily lives. It's a bit like a science fiction movie coming to life! People can learn about these futuristic ideas and maybe even get inspired to create new things.

In simple words, the "Museum of the Future" is a place where you can see and learn about amazing new inventions and technologies that might change the world in the years to come. It's like stepping into a glimpse of the future! 

Dubai Flight : Mumbai to Dubai

The anticipation of exploring Dubai's iconic skyline, vibrant souks, and stunning desert landscapes is making the journey even more thrilling. I'm armed with my camera, a journal, and a heart full of wanderlust, ready to capture and document every unforgettable moment.

A big shoutout to my travel buddies for making this adventure possible and for being the best companions on this journey. Your support and enthusiasm are fueling my excitement even more.

Stay tuned for updates as I uncover the magic of Dubai—its blend of tradition and modernity, its delicious cuisine, and the warm hospitality of its people. Buckle up and join me on this virtual ride as I explore the jewel of the Middle East! ✨🌆🕌 #DubaiDiaries #Wanderlust"

To be a prty to release the stress

The people themselves do not know how they are causing a reason for millions to smile. Just do your work to stay in your circle and to harm others and that's all. 

For example, if you have the business of an airline and you are fair in business, if you are customer care and honest in dealing and if you are an officer and polite and fair in dealing etc.. and many more. 

It cost you nothing but mean a lot to other. 

You know the stress people accumulate and having suicide is not generated by themselves only but by the behaviours and responses from surround too.  

Hence, knowingly or unknowingly do not take part in stress generation but be a part to release the stress.

Marine Infrastructure and Marine Ecosystem

 Marine Infrastructure and Marine Ecosystem

 

Introduction
Human civilization has been intricately dependent on the ocean since ancient times. Throughout history, coastal communities and maritime civilizations have thrived by harnessing the vast resources and benefits that the ocean offers. From sustenance to trade and cultural exchange, the ocean has provided humans with an array of necessities and opportunities. Ancient civilizations relied on the ocean for fishing, which served as a vital source of food and sustenance. Coastal regions became hubs of trade, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies across vast distances. Maritime routes opened up new avenues for exploration, colonization, and cultural diffusion. The ocean also played a significant role in transportation, enabling the movement of people and goods, fostering economic growth, and connecting diverse societies. Today, the dependency on the ocean continues, with maritime trade, fishing industries, offshore resources, and even tourism playing key roles in sustaining human livelihoods and global economies. Moreover, the ocean's influence extends beyond economic considerations, with its beauty, recreational opportunities, and ecological services providing solace, inspiration, and a sense of wonder to humanity. Recognizing the critical importance of the ocean, it becomes imperative for society to ensure its sustainable use and conservation, preserving this age-old dependency for generations to come.

Marine Infrastructure

However, nowadays a race for expansion of the land area to have a land-sea combo infrastructure has intensified the problem of marine life. In such a project, we are not only invading the marine ecosystem for temporary use, but we are acquiring it permanently.
Marine infrastructure can cause light, noise, and chemical pollution. It can also disrupt marine habitats and make it easier for invasive species to spread. As a result, marine life is under
 increasing pressure, which can lead to reduced resilience and increased mortality. Previous have
                                                                                       Fig: Man-made Island- Dubai
shows that human activities collectively have a negative impact on marine life. However, the multiple impacts of marine infrastructure have yet to be well studied.                                                                      

Marine infrastructure can also block fish migration routes and disrupt spawning grounds.            

The cumulative effects of marine infrastructure and other human activities can be devastating for marine ecosystems. It is important to be aware of the negative impacts of marine infrastructure so that we can take steps to mitigate them. By working together, we can protect our oceans and the marine life that depends on them.

 

Market Expansion and Opportunities

In 2020, the global market for marine infrastructure was valued at US$1.2 trillion. The Asia-Pacific region is expected to be the fastest-growing market for marine infrastructure, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5% from 2020 to 2025. The main drivers of growth in the marine infrastructure market are the increasing demand for offshore oil and gas production, the expansion of renewable energy projects, and the growth of the shipping industry. The acquisition of marine areas for marine infrastructure construction can have a significant impact on the marine environment.

 Fig: Blue Growth Schematic  

Blue Economy and Blue Growth: The concept of a "blue economy" came out of the 2012 Rio+20 Conference and emphasizes conservation and sustainable management, based on the premise that a healthy ocean
ecosystems are more productive and a must for sustainable ocean-based economies. To support a shift to this new approach, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) launched the Blue Growth Initiative, through which it will assist countries in developing and implementing blue economy and growth agendas and the European Union developed its long-term strategy to support sustainable growth in the marine and maritime sectors as a whole. Seas and oceans are drivers for the European economy and have great potential for innovation and growth.
The 'blue' economy represents roughly 5.4 million jobs and generates a gross added value of almost €500 billion a  year. However, further growth is possible in a number of areas which are highlighted within the strategy.                                                        

Manmade Island

The number of man-made islands has increased by over 50% since 2000. The majority of man-made islands are located in Asia, with China accounting for the largest number of islands. The growth of man-made islands is driven by a number of factors, including increasing population, economic development, and environmental protection. The growth of man-made islands has a number of environmental and social implications, including the destruction of marine habitats, pollution, and the displacement of people.

As we can see, the majority of man-made islands are located in Asia. China accounts for the largest number of man-made islands, with over 1,000 islands.

Data on manmade Island.

The growth of man-made islands is driven by a number of factors, including increasing population, economic development, and environmental protection.

• Increasing population: The world's population is growing rapidly, and with it, the demand for land. Man-made islands offer a way to create new land in areas where it is scarce.
• Economic development: Man-made islands can be used to support economic development. For example, they can be used to build ports, airports, and other infrastructure. They can also be used to create new tourist destinations.
• Environmental protection: Man-made islands can be used to protect natural areas from development. For example, they can be used to create artificial reefs to protect coral reefs from fishing and other activities.
  
  

Problems as a Whole

Marine infrastructure projects can face a wide range of challenges. Although the challenges are different for different project based on the local issues and that must be identified and mitigated through Environmental Impact Studies and Project Environmental Management Plan. However, some of the challenges that have been identified as very common are listed below:

Habitat Destruction: The construction of marine infrastructure such as ports, piers, and offshore platforms often involves the destruction and alteration of natural habitats, including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests. This loss of habitat can have significant impacts on marine species that rely on these ecosystems for food, shelter, and breeding.

Noise Pollution: Construction activities and ongoing operations of marine infrastructure generate significant noise, which can disrupt marine species' communication, feeding patterns, and reproductive behaviours. Marine animals, such as whales, dolphins, and fish, rely on sound for navigation, finding mates, and locating prey. Excessive noise can interfere with these crucial activities.

Water Pollution: The development of marine infrastructure can lead to increased pollution in the surrounding waters. Runoff from construction sites, discharge of industrial waste, and accidental oil spills pose threats to marine life. Pollutants can contaminate the water, affecting the health and survival of marine organisms.

Physical Barriers: The construction of structures like seawalls, breakwaters, and offshore wind farms can create physical barriers that alter natural water flow patterns. These barriers can disrupt migratory routes of marine animals, preventing them from accessing essential feeding or breeding grounds.

Introduction of Invasive Species: The establishment of new marine infrastructure often involves the introduction of non-native species through biofouling on ships or equipment. These invasive species can outcompete native species, disrupt the balance of the ecosystem, and lead to the decline of indigenous marine life.

Increased Vessel Traffic: Expanding marine infrastructure leads to increased vessel traffic, including cargo ships, tankers, and recreational boats. This heightened maritime activity raises the risk of collisions with marine mammals, turtles, and other vulnerable species. It can also result in underwater noise pollution from ship engines and propellers.

Climate Change and Sea Level Rise: As marine infrastructure continues to expand, it becomes more susceptible to the impacts of climate change, including rising sea levels and more frequent extreme weather events. These changes can cause damage to structures and further disrupt marine ecosystems, affecting the overall health and resilience of marine life.

Mitigation Measure

Mitigating the impacts on marine life resulting from the development of marine infrastructure requires a proactive and holistic approach. Here are some strategies and measures that can help mitigate these problems:

• Environmental Impact Assessments: Conduct comprehensive environmental impact assessments before starting any marine infrastructure project. This will help identify potential risks and develop appropriate mitigation strategies.
• Habitat Conservation and Restoration: Identify and protect critical marine habitats, such as coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests, through marine protected areas or other conservation measures. Implement habitat restoration projects to rehabilitate damaged ecosystems.
• Sustainable Construction Practices: Incorporate sustainable construction practices that minimize environmental impacts. This includes reducing sediment and pollutant runoff, employing noise reduction measures, and adhering to best practices for waste management.
• Noise Mitigation: Minimize underwater noise levels generated by construction and operational activities. This can be achieved by using quieter machinery, establishing quiet zones in sensitive areas, and implementing construction schedules that avoid critical periods for marine species.
• Pollution Control: Implement strict measures to prevent and control water pollution. This includes proper management of construction waste, regular monitoring of water quality, and utilizing environmentally friendly materials and practices.
• Vessel Traffic Management: Develop and enforce regulations for vessel traffic to minimize collisions with marine life. This can involve speed restrictions, navigational guidelines, and the establishment of marine corridors or wildlife crossings.
• Invasive Species Prevention: Implement measures to prevent the introduction of invasive species through biofouling control on ships and equipment. Strict protocols for ballast water management and hull cleaning can help reduce the risk of introducing non-native species.
• Research and Monitoring: Conduct ongoing research and monitoring programs to assess the impacts of marine infrastructure on marine life. This data will help identify emerging issues and inform adaptive management strategies.
• Stakeholder Engagement and Collaboration: Involve relevant stakeholders, including government agencies, environmental organizations, local communities, and industry representatives, in decision-making processes. Collaboration and engagement promote shared responsibility and foster innovative solutions.
• Compliance and Enforcement: Establish robust regulatory frameworks and enforcement mechanisms to ensure adherence to environmental regulations and mitigation measures.

Here are few examples of the projects worldwide that created problems for marine life from rapidly growing marine infrastructure:

1. The Great Barrier Reef, Australia: The construction of ports and shipping channels along the coastline adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef has raised concerns about the potential impacts on this iconic marine ecosystem. Increased shipping traffic, dredging activities, and the release of sediment and pollutants have led to coral bleaching, damage to seagrass beds, and a decline in biodiversity. Efforts are being made to mitigate these impacts through stricter regulations and sustainable practices.
2. Offshore Wind Farms in the North Sea: The rapid development of offshore wind farms in the North Sea has raised concerns about their impact on marine life, particularly seabirds and marine mammals. The construction noise, increased vessel traffic, and potential disruption of migratory routes pose challenges to these vulnerable species. Research and monitoring programs are being conducted to assess and minimize these impacts while maximizing the renewable energy potential.
3. Port Expansion in Santos, Brazil: The expansion of the Port of Santos, one of the busiest ports in Latin America, has resulted in significant habitat loss and water pollution. The construction of new terminals and dredging activities have impacted the adjacent mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and coral reefs. Efforts are underway to restore and protect these habitats and implement sustainable practices to reduce pollution and minimize impacts on marine life.
4. Land Reclamation in Singapore: Singapore has undertaken extensive land reclamation projects to expand its coastline and accommodate its growing population and economic needs. However, these projects have resulted in the loss of natural coastal habitats, including coral reefs and seagrass meadows. The destruction of these habitats has had cascading effects on the marine ecosystem, impacting the biodiversity and resilience of marine species.
5. Panama Canal Expansion: The recent expansion of the Panama Canal to accommodate larger vessels has raised concerns about the potential impacts on marine life in the region. Increased vessel traffic, underwater noise, and the alteration of water flow patterns can disrupt the migration patterns of marine species such as whales and dolphins. Monitoring programs are in place to assess the impacts and implement mitigation measures.

Bibliography:

·         SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES "THE MARINE DIMENSION" Guidance for Hydrographic Offices Publication C-17 Second Edition.
·         Oceanology: The True Account of the Voyage of the Nautilus (Ologies) Hardcover – Lift the flap, August 25, 2009

·         https://www.unep.org/resources/report/oil-and-gas-exploration

·         https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/city-and-architecture/a3146-the-manmade-islands-of-dubai/

·         The role of environmental impact assessment in the sustainable artificial island development: A Qatar's Island case study
·         Many other Sources from Google and hard cover books